Factors of Deviant Behavior of Adolescents from the Positions of Different Psychotherapeutic Approaches
Abstract
The purpose of this article is to study the factors of deviant behavior from the standpoint of different psychotherapeutic approaches. The methodological toolkit was compiled by the general theory of social deviations, which is based on both differentiation and integration of existing knowledge in various fields. The essence of deviant behavior as a socially significant behavior of a person, which deviates from social norms and does not correspond to generally accepted standards of behavior in society, has been determined. Described are the manifestations of deviant behavior, which are spreading in modern life conditions, in particular, communicative deviations inherent in social networks. Various psychotherapeutic directions of work with deviations are analyzed. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the consideration of the basic concepts of psychotherapy with various types of explanations for the causes and mechanisms of deviant behavior. The conclusions of the article are to substantiate the creation of an integrative psychotherapeutic model for understanding the causes and correction of such behavior. It is determined that from the standpoint of the psychodynamic approach, it is advisable to study the history of the client’s life, identify the internal conflict of deep antisocial instincts with the moral attitudes of the personality, which leads to the formation of an inferiority complex. From the standpoint of behavioral psychotherapy, deviant behavior is seen as the result of improper learning, which can be eliminated in the same way as it was acquired. The goal of cognitive-behavioral therapy is to achieve personal recovery of a client with deviant behavior by destroying dysfunctional schemes and related states of consciousness, awareness and separation of painful particles from a healthy person, aimed at positive changes in various areas of a person's life. The prospects for further research in this area, which consist in the development of psychocorrectional programs in relation to various types of deviant behavior, have been determined.Keywords: deviant behavior; communicative deviations, cyber aggression; psychotherapeutic approaches; psychocorrection; integrative models of psychotherapy.
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