Modeling of Person’s Criminal Behavior Motivation Formation Process

Abstract

This article is dedicated to the modeling of particular behavior motive and life motivation formation processes. It analyzes motive formation models by V. V. Luneyev and V. M. Kudriavtsev, and on their basis it, at first, creates its own linear-parallel model, and then turns it into author’s circular motive and motivation formation model by the analogy with N. A. Bernstein’s «reflex ring» model. The significant part in this study is apportioned for the place of the system of values in motive formation process. The division of the system of values into «terminal» and «instrumental» parts, offered by Y. Rokach, allows to respectively distinguish motive formation processes for a particular interaction and life motivations, where the system of values acts as an indicator of reference. Respectively inclusion of motive ring of particular singular action as en element of bigger more complex circle lets us speak not of action motive, but of activity motivation. In this case terminal system of values acts as an indicator of reference. Bernstein has only described such second-order ring, but in none of his published works he has depicted it. The author of this article was brave enough to depict it and, as the result, he has obtained the final variation of life motivation model. This model describes only «internal» processes, that take place in the course of motive and motivation formation, and quite indirectly considers social factors, though in his text the author describes V. M. Kudriavtsev’s ideas he has adopted for this purpose. In particular V. M. Kudriavtsev in his work «Crime genesis. Experience of criminological modeling» examines correlation between lawful and unlawful ways to resolve problematic situation. He brought the results of his studies into the chart with the following correlation variants: a)there is no problematic situation; b) problematic situation exists and there is only a lawful way to resolve it; c) problematic situation exists and there is only an unlawful way to resolve it; d) problematic situation exists and there are both lawful and unlawful ways to resolve it; e) problematic situation exists and there are no ways to resolve it. The author thinks that one more variant should be added to the correlation, that «objectively problematic situation doesn’t exist, but it's being perceived as though it does», in this case we will get four variants analogical to «b», «c», «d», «e». Subjective approach to the capability of need realization can create a case when problematic situation can emerge as the result of the conflict between subjectively assessed capabilities and the reality. At the next stage after estimation of the situation, a person sets tasks aimed at need realization for itself. As an exception, a person can give up on need realization when: in the process of estimation of action aimed at need realization the person realizes that the need itself is not real, but imaginary. the person realizes that the need itself is criminal. the person realizes impossibility of lawful realization of the need. the person realizes impossibility of realization of the need in the given situation, but understands that it is possible to create a situation when the need can be realized. In this case a cycle of actions aimed at creation of such favorable situation begins to form. Taking into consideration the above mentioned the author comes to the conclusion that the task setting stage is composed of analysis of a purpose for action, and also of analysis of the way for reaching this purpose. As it was said earlier, usually, a set of ways for reaching a purpose is reflected in person’s system of values. Moreover the definition «instrumental system of values», offered by Rokach, itself indicates the existence of special part within the system that contains a set of tools for reaching the desired result.